The period between AD 1100 and AD 1450 is considered by archeologists to be the Hohokam's classic period. Several new canals were constructed between AD 900 and AD 1100. The largest system included a trapezoidal section 13 ft wide x 12 ft deep. Between AD 600 and AD 700, several major canal systems were constructed. The canals were constructed over several hundreds of years. The prehistoric Hohokam constructed one of the largest and most sophisticated irrigation networks ever created using pre-industrial technology. It was a pre-Columbian culture which occupied a huge area in the central part of Arizona approximately between 500 CE and 1425 CE.Developed by the Hohokam, a prehistoric group of Native Americans, the canal system in the Salt River Valley serviced more than 100,000 acres of mostly arid desert country in what is now southern Arizona. This included areas beside the Gila River and Colorado River as well as areas in the Lower Colorado River and the nearby valleys, and to the area of the Grand Canyon. This is the term used by archaeologists to define primitive and historical Native American cultures which took parts of present-day Arizona to Lake Cahuilla in California, as well as in Baja California. The culture thrived when the Spanish arrived particularly during the archaic period.
This is one of the major primitive cultural divisions. It is an archaeological culture of native people from Arizona and Southern New Mexico, Chihuahua and Northern Sonora, and Western Texas, a territory known as Oasis America. It was considered as part of the Oasis America custom the Hohokam also established trading centers like the Snaketown and was also considered as builders of the earliest canal system throughout the Phoenix metropolitan area. It is one of the major cultures in Southwestern archaeology. It was a Native American culture focused on the present state of Arizona. It is also called as Anasazi, a primitive Native American culture that existed from around ad 100 to 1600, focusing on the part where the borders of the current states Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah Gila River Indian Community or the Pima and Maricopa.Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation or the Yavapai and Apache.Colorado River Indian Tribes or Navajo, Chemehuevi, Hopi, and Mohave.Ak-Chin Indian Community or Pima and Papago.Today, Arizona’s total population is estimated to be 5%-6% coming from American Indian ancestry. Others existed a few centuries before the Spanish explorers travelled into the state. Most tribes descended from the Native American tribes in Arizona. It is home to the 21 federally recognized nations, communities, and tribes. The Hualapai, Havasupai, and Yavapai tribesĪrizona comprises a vast variety of exciting Native American cultures. The original Native American tribes in Arizona are the following: More than a quarter of the state’s areas are reservation lands. The Navajo Nation is U.S.’ biggest Native American reservation while the Tohono O’odham Nation is the second largest reservation. Most of the Navajo Nation and the whole Tohono O’odham Nation are both located in Arizona. It has also the second highest total Native American population amongst the states. with the largest percentage of Native Americans. Native American tribes in Arizona inhabited Arizona for more than thousands of years. However, the O’odham were not the only native tribe in Arizona. The name Arizona came from a Uto-Aztecan Indian word in the Tohono-O’odham language which means “little spring”.
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